Theory · working draft

Theory of Collaborative Intelligence

Foundation models are becoming very capable, but capability alone does not make a system reliable. We study how capable models should be organized into systems that ground claims in evidence, verify, remember, collaborate and correct themselves. Noetis is the experimental and production architecture where these ideas are tested.

The research loop

  1. Research question→
  2. Hypothesis→
  3. Experiment→
  4. Finding→
  5. Architecture change→
  6. Noetis release→
  7. Next question

Status rule

A proposition is marked Supported only where a published round's own text reports a supporting finding, and that round is cited. Everything else is Open. Supported means supported in the bounded setting the round describes, not proven in general.

Working propositions (v0)

  1. v0.1

    Reliability is a property of the process

    Reliability is a property of the system's process, not only of the underlying model.

    Working position from Theory v0, not yet tested as stated.

    Open
  2. v0.2

    Finding evidence and judging it are separate steps

    Locating a quotation and judging whether it supports a claim are separate operations.

    Working position from Theory v0, not yet tested as stated.

    Open
  3. v0.3

    Confidence belongs to the final answer

    The object that should carry confidence is the final revised answer, not the first draft.

    Working position from Theory v0, not yet tested as stated.

    Open
  4. v0.4

    Improvement counts only against a matched baseline

    An architecture change counts as an improvement only when measured against a matched baseline with the same number of calls on an adjudicated endpoint.

    Working position from Theory v0, not yet tested as stated.

    Open

158 open hypotheses; none yet tested. These propositions are positions to be tested, not results.

Round 40 (NCT-40) propositions

  1. P1

    Structural abstention

    A composition can hold only if some component can produce HOLD or a disagreement can produce review.

    Round 40 reports H40.1 as Supported (E40-A: a forced majority releases 108/243 states unsafely, the same as one witness, and holds 0/16 HOLD-truth states without abstaining witnesses).

    Round 40Round 39

    Supported
  2. P2

    Read and quote, then decide

    Models should locate and quote; a deterministic, span checked resolver should decide.

    Round 40 reports H40.2 as Supported (E40-A: 4/12 unsafe with the span check versus 8/15 without).

    Round 40Round 39

    Supported
  3. P3

    Disagreement buys a hold, not a vote

    The second independent read should only be able to stop a release.

    Round 40 reports H40.3 as Supported (E40-A: disagreement routing raises the fewest faults for an unsafe release to 2). The false hold cost was not observed.

    Round 40

    Supported
  4. P4

    Decorrelation is the safety budget

    A routed topology is as safe as its readers are decorrelated.

    Round 40 notes all 4 unsafe routed states are identical misreadings; joint misreading rates are not yet measured.

    Round 40

    Open
  5. P5

    Evidence-rewriting stages add risk

    Stages that can rewrite evidence add risk.

    Round 40 reports H40.4 as Supported (E40-C: on X24 a validation stage that rewrote a correct ledger produced the only composed error).

    Round 40

    Supported

Round 40 names each proposition as a candidate for the Round 41 to 50 block, with a removal test that could reject it.

Roadmap to Round 50 · currently Round 40

  1. Round 41

    Hard pool: items on which witnesses disagree, so topologies separate on accuracy

  2. Round 42

    Measured decorrelation: joint misreading rates across witness pairs and prompts (P4)

  3. Round 43

    Flag only validators versus rewriting validators (P5)

  4. Round 44

    Abstention at scale with externally reviewed HOLD labels (P1, Round 39 handoff item 1)

  5. Round 45

    Resolver failure: where fixed rules are wrong and witnesses are right (P2)

  6. Round 46

    Review routing load: false hold rates and what a reviewer must see (P3)

  7. Round 47

    Working memory and procedure reuse inside the routed topology

  8. Round 48

    Transfer of the structure to a second domain outside contracts

  9. Round 49

    Matched call baselines across all surviving propositions

  10. Round 50

    Theory v1 draft: keep only propositions that survived Rounds 40 to 49

Proposed research path from Round 40, not a published commitment to particular results.

See it on your contracts

This research powers Lexplio and Noetis pilots. The same evidence checks and release rules studied here run on real agreements, with every finding tied to a quoted passage.